Introduction to Frameworks

This article explains with clear understanding, the key features of frameworks and explaining the theoretical ethics of frameworks background. In this article content programming paradigms, the principle of programming paradigms, key features of Object-Oriented Programming and Software runtime architecture.

Programming paradigms is a style or way of code. It is like people ideas about how became a computer program. Under the principle of programming, paradigms consider the type of programming paradigms. Programming paradigms classify to base on their features and characteristics. They are Non-Structured programming, Structured programming, Even-driven programming.

Non-Structured program

In Non-Structured programming have more coding line. It is more complex to develop a program.

Structured  program

In order to use Non-Structured programming, have some issues then coming up Structured programming. It is like a procedural program sometimes knows as a Modular Program. It used a logical structure to write a code efficient and easier to understand and modify in Structured programming. We break a problem into subtasks and implement those tasks using function and build the main program from the function. Under Structured programming there are two types they are Object Oriented Programming (OOP) and Functional Programming. 

Functional Program 

it is used to a mathematical equation. It is a support to higher order function and lazy evaluation features. Also, its efficiency and support nested functions. Functional Program is used an immutable data.it is depend on input data. when we executed a function not affected a global status of the system (No side-effecte).Function program is following a Declarative program. it's mean "We are writing code we describe a what we want but we do not describe how to get an answer step by step" for the ex: Java anonymous function.

Imperative program it is opposite of  Declarative program "We have to describe a step by step how to compile, how to get the answer and how to print it" for the ex: for loop, if else.
In procedural programming not have a return type. It has a simple algorithm and the procedural program we can re-use.
In Referential transparency, it is can be replaced with its value without changing the program's behavior.

Object Oriented Program

Object Oriented Programming developed the solution in terms of object which are sub groups which contains related data and tasks. In Object Oriented Programming key features are Class, Object, Abstraction, Encapsulation, Information Hiding, Inheritance and Polymorphism. Class describes a person or something that is imaginary of their properties and methods. Object is a blue print of a class. It is used to store the data and perform an action. In Abstraction is focuses on how to viewer see their object it means it is focuses on essential characteristics of an object, how to see it in the viewer. Encapsulation it is describe how to hides the variable, methods data(details) of the implementation of an object. Information Hiding used the class encapsulation using the private key word we can hidden the data we can get data using getters and setters’ methods. Inheritance describe the relationship of parent and child classes in order to this parent methods can access to the child it. In Polymorphism have tow type there are override and overload. Override is a run time concept. It is using when having inherit child re-writing the parent method. Overloading is the same method name but having a different method signature. It is a compile time concept having different parameters in the method signature.

Event-Driven program

Event-Driven programming is mostly used system GUI for the example Click, Drag, Drop, Key Up, Key Down. User can interact with it. It listens in user actions.

Software runtime architecture

Compiled languages
C, Java is a compiled language. we want to run a compiled programme we have to use a compiler. that compiler converts to source code to binary code. because the computer can't understand a compiler language.

Scripting languages
The source code is not compiled, it is directly executed At the execution time, the code is interpreted by a runtime machine 
E.g. PHP,javascript

Markup languages
There is no execution process for the markup languages The tools who have the knowledge to understand the markup languages can render(generate) the output 
E.g. HTML,XML

virtual runtime machines
The JVM is a virtual machine that runs Java class files in a portable way. 
Being a virtual machine means the JVM is an abstraction of an underlying, actual machine such as the server that your program is running on. 
Regardless of what operating system or hardware is actually present, the JVM creates a predictable environment for programs to run within.
Unlike a true virtual machine, however, the JVM doesn't create a virtual operating system. 
It would be more accurate to describe the JVM as a managed runtime environment, or a process virtual machine.

Javascript

By default, JavaScript programs run using a single thread. Though there are ways to create new threads JavaScript is considered as Single threaded language.
JavaScript does not wait for I/O operations to get completed, instead, it continues the execution of the program. This is called non-blocking I/O.
JavaScript is asynchronous because of NIO nature.
JavaScript is dynamically typed. It determines variable types, ordering etc. in runtime.
JavaScript support OOP as well as functional programming (Multi-paradigm).
JavaScript has an eventing system which manages its asynchronous operations

The Rendering Engine
In HTML language is Scripting languages. then Source code is not compiled, it is directly executed. Therefore we used Browser to do it in the Browser engine has a two-part Rendering Engine and JavaScript engine Produces the visual representation of a given URL. The Rendering Engine interprets the HTML, XML, and JavaScript that comprises a given URL and generates the layout that is displayed in the User Interface.  JavaScript engine used to compile a js code